高速SpaceWire协议IP的可靠性增强方法

针对航天高速SpaceWire总线系统对协议IP的高可靠性要求，提出一种用于静态随机访问存储器(SRAM)型现场可编辑逻辑门阵列(FPGA)的增强三模冗余(TMR)方法。该方法对传统三模冗余和部分三模冗余做了改进，将需要进行三模冗余的原设计分为一般单元集和可靠性薄弱的关键单元集，对一般单元集中的每个单元做三模冗余，对关键单元集中的每个单元做顺序四模冗余。给出了顺序四模冗余的可靠度计算式和表决器的布尔表达式。建立了系统可靠性的马尔科夫模型并基于模型开展了可靠性仿真。仿真结果表明增强三模冗余系统的可靠性不仅明显优于传统三模冗余系统，而且优于部分三模冗余系统，使系统可靠性得到有效提高。     

Fault self-repair strategy based on evolvable hardware and reparation balance technology

In the face of harsh natural environment applications such as earth-orbiting and deep space satellites, underwater sea vehicles, strong electromagnetic interference and temperature stress,the circuits faults appear easily. Circuit faults will inevitably lead to serious losses of availability or impeded mission success without self-repair over the mission duration. Traditional fault-repair methods based on redundant fault-tolerant technique are straightforward to implement, yet their area, power and weight cost can be excessive. Moreover they utilize all plug-in or component level circuits to realize redundant backup, such that their applicability is limited. Hence, a novel selfrepair technology based on evolvable hardware（EHW） and reparation balance technology（RBT） is proposed. Its cost is low, and fault self-repair of various circuits and devices can be realized through dynamic configuration. Making full use of the fault signals, correcting circuit can be found through EHW technique to realize the balance and compensation of the fault output-signals. In this paper, the self-repair model was analyzed which based on EHW and RBT technique, the specific self-repair strategy was studied, the corresponding self-repair circuit fault system was designed, and the typical faults were simulated and analyzed which combined with the actual electronic devices. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed fault self-repair strategy was feasible. Compared to traditional techniques, fault self-repair based on EHW consumes fewer hardware resources, and the scope of fault self-repair was expanded significantly.     

Dimensional Variation Modeling of Aircraft Compliant Part Assembly Considering Clamping Force Change

Compliant parts are widely applied to aircraft structures. Due to the ease of deformation of compliant parts in assembly,the prediction of assembly variation is especially important for assembly quality control. A dimensional variation model considering the clamping force change in assembly is proposed based on the method of influence coefficient(MIC). First,the assembly process is decomposed into several steps including positioning,clamping,joining,and spring-back. Then,the force-displacement relationship is formulated according to the varied force conditions on the parts in each assembly step. Finally,two examples are illustrated to validate the proposed assembly variation model. The results show the impact of clamping force change is significant on the assembly variation,and the proposed model can predict the assembly variation more accurately than the referred method without clamping force correction at the over-constrained locating points of fixture.     

月球表层采样样品智能确认方法

表层采样是月球采样探测的重要方式，样品智能确认有助于提升工作效率与复杂问题处理能力。结合月球表层采样铲挖工作过程，分析了铲挖过程中臂载相机图像的特点，模仿有人参与识别过程，提出了层次解耦的月球样品智能识别流程，利用深度学习方法构建了一类深度卷积识别网络，完整地描述了图像、特征、标记在网络中的正反传递关系，并在月球表层采样地面试验中进行了验证，结果表明该方法对不同光照、不同背景、不同过程、不同形态的样品，具有较好的泛化识别能力，误识别率优于8.1%，平均单幅识别时间约0.7 s。     

海洋大气环境下微动开关触点回跳时间增大故障的试验复现与分析

结合某型微动开关触点回跳时间增大导致某系统故障问题,设计了由干湿交替酸性盐雾试验和湿热试验组成的海洋大气环境效应加速模拟试验剖面,选取与外场故障件型号一致的微动开关为研究对象,通过实验室加速模拟试验,成功复现了外场故障现象,并结合试验结果对腐蚀性环境、电烧蚀等因素对触点回跳时间增大的影响机制进行了分析。     

反推力装置“地面/空中”判定条件研究

只在地面使用的反推力装置,一方面根据CCAR 25.933的要求在空中要防止意外打开;另一方面在地面使用时要求迅速可靠地打开,因此判断飞机在“地面”或“空中”成为反推控制系统的一个重要设计内容,若该条件判定飞机在地面的约束过于严格,则飞机着陆时反推不能尽早打开,影响反推在飞机高速时高效发挥作用;反之,若判定飞机在地面的约束过于宽松,则会增加反推在空中意外打开的概率,影响安全。分析了几种现役民航飞机的反推“地面/空中”判定条件,认为飞机后轮刚刚触地(但不一定触发轮载信号)是一个较好的“地面/空中”判定条件,设计时应注意判定条件须保持一定的独立性：不能因某一判定信号故障,导致反推、减速板或刹车中任何两个同时不能工作;不能因减速板或刹车的工作状态导致反推力装置不能打开,同时注意判定条件会影响适航的验证方法。     

超燃冲压发动机燃烧室出口温度场分布CARS测量

针对超燃冲压发动机研究中对燃烧室出口温度场的测量需求以及暂冲式超燃冲压发动机燃烧台架试验中的应用难点,开发了适用于瞬态燃烧场温度测量的单脉冲相干反斯托克斯拉曼反射（CARS）系统及CARS光谱计算和温度反演软件CARSCF。采用USED相位匹配方式来降低湍流影响,结合多尺度小波分析方法来实现CARS光谱降噪处理,提高信噪比。在暂冲式脉冲燃烧风洞上开展了来流马赫数2.6条件下超燃冲压发动机燃烧室出口温度测量试验,获取了超声速来流（冷态）建立、H₂点火加热空气、建立超声速燃烧流场直至试验结束过程中的燃烧室出口温度,以及煤油/空气燃烧时燃烧室出口温度场分布。结果显示,超声速冷流时温度处于低温（约205K）状态,随着H₂点火加热来流空气,来流温度上升至853K;随着煤油/Air点火,温度急剧上升,稳定燃烧状态下燃烧流场温度为1970K±144K。燃烧室出口截面温度场分布测量结果显示,高温区位于燃烧室出口截面上侧区域,而燃烧室出口截面上中间区域的温度低于上下两侧。燃烧室出口温度分布CARS测量结果与火焰自发光成像结果一致,表明单脉冲CARS技术用于瞬态燃烧流场温度测量的可行性。     

离子推力器放电室参数在线优化实验研究

为了改进氙离子推力器传统优化实验方法,针对环切场放电室设计多维优化调节机构,通过步进电机配合电磁铁实现放电室设计参数的在线实时调节。实验中在线调节放电室长径比、中间磁极靴位置、阴极顶位置等参数,得到了放电室性能影响规律,经迭代实验获取了优化后的放电室构型及磁场参数。优化后的推力器性能曲线"膝点"较正交实验结果更加靠后,在工质利用率80%~90%区间内,束离子电离能耗低于正交实验优化结果。在线优化实验方法极大缩短了离子推力器设计周期,降低研制成本,并弥补了传统方法需多次破空导致参数一致性差的不足。     

新型消旋波瓣混合器射流掺混机理研究

为了消除高进口预旋时波瓣混合器表面流动分离,将基准波瓣混合器侧壁直叶瓣设计成类叶型式的折转叶瓣,形成一种新型消旋波瓣混合器。研究了多种进口预旋工况下消旋波瓣性能参数、涡系发展以及射流掺混机理与基准直波瓣的异同。结果表明:新型消旋波瓣改善了进口预旋工况下波瓣吸力面压力分布;重新组织了波瓣出口截面气流周向角度的径向分布。在进口预旋超过10°以后,消旋波瓣混合器的总压损失以及波瓣式喷管的总压损失均小于基准直波瓣。消旋波瓣混合器在高进口预旋时性能优异,波瓣出口截面周向气流确实加速了下游射流掺混。